what is the radius of the earth in meters

Regardless of the model, any radius falls between the polar minimum of about 6,357km and the equatorial maximum of about 6,378km (3,950 to 3,963mi). Q. Using the following data: the volume of a sphere = (4/3) (pi)R 3 Radius of the earth= 6.3106 m. Mass of earth= 5.9742 10 24 kilograms. Well, the Moon is not always the same distance away from Earth. Using the parameters from WGS84 ellipsoid of revolution, a = 6,378.137 km and b = 6,356.7523142km, V = 1.083211012km3 (2.59881011cumi). Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. The circumference of the world may be the distance measured around it. This was due to the coincidence that Mars and Earth lined up with the Sun when the Earth was close to its farthest point from . We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. It does not store any personal data. Surveyors today use a variety of instruments and calculations to determine the size of the Earth and collect other relevant data. where. Its "up" direction there is shown with a black segment: it is, by definition, perpendicular to the ellipse at that point. The value of the radius is completely dependent upon the latitude in the case of an ellipsoid model, and nearly so on the geoid. [9] As an example, we will use Eratosthenes situation. Earth's diameter is simply twice Earth's radius; for example, equatorial diameter (2a) and polar diameter (2b). T z The WGS84 reference ellipsoid is now just that, a reference ellipsoid (that is, its the ellipsoid used as a reference by GPS and related systems). Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. What is the radius of Earth in exponential form? At what distance above the surface of earth, the gravitational force will be reduced by 10%, if the radius of earth is 6370 Km. The earth rotates once every 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4.09053 seconds, called the sidereal period, and its circumference is roughly 40,075 kilometers. Note that this arc is along a great circle. The radius of the earth is 6371 km. \text{Circumference} = 39,350 \text{\ kilometers}. Estimates of the accuracy of Eratosthenes's measurement range from 0.5% to 17%. The reason for keeping those older values was GPS. The radius of the Earth, re, is about 6.38 10 6 meters, and the mass of the Earth is 5.98 10 24 kilograms. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Where K is the Gaussian curvature, 149597870700 meters nearly This is 10-sd (significant digits) approximation. Around 100BC, Posidonius of Apamea recomputed Earth's radius, and found it to be close to that by Eratosthenes,[23] but later Strabo incorrectly attributed him a value about 3/4 of the actual size. What is the number in scientific notation? Earth radius at sea level is 6378. 371 106 m), the bottom unit of length within the Worldwide System of Units (SI). An international crew of seven people live and work while traveling at a speed of five miles per second, orbiting Earth about every 90 minutes. View a sample solution. You can do this, too, by using his method. In the third century B.C., Eratosthenes, a Greek mathematician, became the first person to mathematically calculate the diameter of the earth by comparing differences in the angle of the suns rays at two separate geographic points. The magnitude of the gravitational force between earth and an object is given by the formula. 1 Could E.T. Compute the circumference of the Earth using the distance and angle measurements you have. The mathematical expressions above apply over the top of ellipsoid. How did Aristotle know the earth was round? Step 2 of 5. ) is the distance from the center of Earth to a point on or near its surface. What is radius of Earth in gravitation Class 9? At the equator, = 0 and this arc length = 111.32 km, nearly. Record the distance between your location and your partners location. Place the loose end of the string at the end of the cast shadow and hold it taut. in the second fundamental form for a surface (Equation (123) in[11]): e, f, and g are elements of the shape tensor: n Video advice: How Eratosthenes discovered the radius of the earth. The Earth. It is known that the equatorial radius of the earth is R=6371km R = 6371 k m so, convert the unit of radius using the conversion factor. New Arrivals Expand Space Stations Crew to 6. This length is also used as a unit of distance, especially in astronomy and geology, where it is usually denoted by R. Last edited on 10 February 2023, at 21:43, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, IAU 2006 General Assembly: Result of the IAU Resolution votes, Satellites Reveal A Mystery Of Large Change In Earth's Gravity Field, NASA's Grace Finds Greenland Melting Faster, 'Sees' Sumatra Quake, "Discover-TheWorld.com Guam POINTS OF INTEREST Don't Miss Mariana Trench", "Mean radius, mass, and inertia for reference Earth models", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Earth_radius&oldid=1138658294, WGS-84 ellipsoid, polar radius of curvature (, WGS-84 ellipsoid, Mean radius of semi-axes (, WGS-84 ellipsoid, Radius of Sphere of Equal Area (, WGS-84 ellipsoid, Radius of Sphere of Equal Volume (, meridional radius of curvature at the equator, This page was last edited on 10 February 2023, at 21:43. The structure of the Earths upper mantle can be derived from seismic waves. r = m v 2 F c . Earth radius Conversion conversion table Earth radius to Meters Conversion Table Meters [ m ] Eratosthenes was born around 276 B.C., which is now Shahhat, Libya. So escape velocity = . The radius of Earth is 6370000 m. Express this measurement in km in scientific notation with the correct number of significant digits. At the equator, the radius of Earth is 3963 miles (Diameter = 7926 miles). What is the fluid speed in a fire hose with a 9.00 cm diameter carrying 80.0 l of water per second? [Mass of the earth is 6 x 1024 kg and radius of the earth is 6.4 x 106 m]. Calculating Earths Volume Averaging these two numbers yields a mean radius of 6,371.0 kilometers (3,958.7 miles), which in turn yields an approximate value for the volume of the Earth of 1.08 quadrillion cubic kilometers (259 trillion cubic miles). The extrema geocentric radii on the ellipsoid coincide with the equatorial and polar radii. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The following is a partial list of models of Earth's surface, ordered from exact to more approximate: In the case of the geoid and ellipsoids, the fixed distance from any point on the model to the specified center is called "a radius of the Earth" or "the radius of the Earth at that point". The equation for Keplers Third Law is P = a, so the period of a planets orbit (P) squared is equal to the size semi-major axis of the orbit (a) cubed when it is expressed in astronomical units. Ans. r . = Answer (1 of 3): First of all let us consider the shape of the earth to be a sphere. state. Equatorial radius is conventionally used as the nominal value unless the polar radius is explicitly required. The actual radius of the earth is 6,378.1 kilometers at the equator, but the radius varies because the earth is a somewhat flattened sphere. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Because these measurements are not done with more sensitive equipment, the radius calculation will be only approximate. Have your partner do the same in her location. Make sure both sticks are perpendicular to the earth and that the same length of stick protrudes from the ground. = Now that the radius of orbit has been found, the height above the earth can be calculated. The radius of the swimming pool water atom is roughly meters. = 6,356.8km (3,949.9mi). Has got the radius of Earth mysteriously grown by about 3%? While carbon dioxide gas is invisible, the very cold gas , Turbines produce noise and alter visual aesthetics. r Earth's volume is estimated at 1 trillion cubic kilometers. | How do you find the radius of a gravitational field? University of Texas: Eratosthenese Finds Diameter of Earth, Partner in a distant location on about the same longitude or in the same time zone. He also shares personal stories and insights from his own journey as a scientist and researcher. (clarification needed). Circumference of the Earth in Meters Example 2. Go farther. Your email address will not be published. Additionally, the radius can be estimated from the curvature of the Earth at a point. Although the precise strength of Earth's gravity varies depending on location, the nominal "average" value at the Earth's surface, known as standard gravity is, by definition, 9.80665 m/s 2 (32.1737 ft/s 2 ). The average radius of the earth is 6.38x106 meters. The orbit is not a perfect circle. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. [6] It is an idealized surface, and the Earth measurements used to calculate it have an uncertainty of 2m in both the equatorial and polar dimensions. On solving the circumference of the earth we get 39,350 kilometres. det Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Solution for the radious of earth is 6378.1 km, which is 2981.1 km greater than the radius of mars. ( E Additionally, the bulge at the equator shows slow variations. A closed-form solution exists for a spheroid:[14]. Because the Earth isnt perfectly spherical but instead an oblate spheroid, our planet radius is larger in the equator than in the rods. Earth radius at sea level is 6378.137 km (3963.191 mi) at the equator. Earths circumference is the distance around Earth. In simple words, radius refers to that line, which originates from any point of the circle and touches the centre point the circle. Drive one of the meter sticks into the ground in your location in a sunny spot. Earth radius (denoted as R or R Now we know 2 things- 1. 6 m0. Mass of planet M = 8 x mass of earth = 8 x 6 x 10 24 kg. What happens to the dry ice at room pressure and temperature? p This measurement also introduces another fun source of error that actually comes from the motion of Earth and other similar planetary bodies in the solar system. {\displaystyle K=\kappa _{1}\,\kappa _{2}={\frac {\det \,B}{\det \,A}}} For Earth, the arithmetic mean radius is 6,371.0088km (3,958.7613mi). , The distance between Syene and Alexandria is 787 kilometers, Eratosthenes used the ancient Greek measurement of stadia, but his calculations use the proportionality of angles between two locations, so any system of measurement will work. 2 degrees. Where R is the radius of the Earth. Skip to main content. 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. Measurement of Earths circumference has been important to navigation since ancient times. Regarding this, what is the diameter of the Earth in scientific notation? Whether you need help solving quadratic equations, inspiration for the upcoming science fair or the latest update on a major storm, Sciencing is here to help. The geoid height can change abruptly due to earthquakes (such as the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake) or reduction in ice masses (such as Greenland).[5]. Like a torus, the curvature at a point will be greatest (tightest) in one direction (northsouth on Earth) and smallest (flattest) perpendicularly (eastwest). Therefore, if the earth is taken to be a two dimensional object, its perimeter would be equal to the. What is the radius of Earth in gravitation? (e) For that Earth 1/q 289, that is near to the measured inverse flattening 1/f 298. What is the formula to find radius of Earth? According to Newtons second law of motion, the acceleration of an object equals the net force acting on it divided by its mass, or a = F m . The total mass of all the asteroids combined is less than that of Earth's Moon. Write it in scientific notation. He was the first one to use the word geography and he also had a small-scale notion of the planet that helped him to determine the circumference of the earth. 756 mi) on average. Of course, no one is claiming the size of Earth has actually changed. E Chapter P, Problem 13E is solved. Given local and transient influences on surface height, the values defined below are based on a "general purpose" model, refined as globally precisely as possible within 5m (16ft) of reference ellipsoid height, and to within 100m (330ft) of mean sea level (neglecting geoid height). Compute the radius of the Earth using the formula C (circumference) = 2 x pi x r (radius). The radius of Earth at the equator is 3,963 miles (6,378 kilometers), according to NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. Its surface gravity is 274 m/s 2 or 28.0 times that of the Earth. Point B, which appears due east from A, will be closer to the equator than A. More than 2,000 years ago Eratosthenes compared the position of the Suns rays in two locations to calculate the spherical size of the Earth with reasonable accuracy. Copyright 2022 - Science-Atlas.com. Earth is the third planet from the sun. When it's closest, the Moon is 225,623 miles away. a) The radius of the earth is 4000 miles. , and because It does not store any personal data. The Earth's Gaussian radius of curvature at latitude is:[12]. The first published reference to the Earths size appeared around 350BC, when Aristotle reported in his book On the Heavens(18) that mathematicians had guessed the circumference of the Earth to be 400,000 stadia. How cold is it on moon? The diameter is the distance from side to side, if you. The distance between Syene and Alexandria is 787 kilometers. The Magellan expedition (15191522), which was the first circumnavigation of the World, soundly demonstrated the sphericity of the Earth,[28] and affirmed the original measurement of 40,000km (25,000mi) by Eratosthenes. Earth, on the other hand, isn't quite a sphere. Unless you know indoor location is available inside the geofence, assume that Wi-Fi . [clarification needed]. Measured around the poles, the circumference is 40,007.863 km (24,859.734 mi). How do we measure the diameter of the Earth? F What is the radius of the earth? [27] However, the 1492 enactment of that voyage brought his fleet to the Americas. You need to ask yourself questions and then do problems to answer those questions. Hence, we create models to approximate characteristics of Earths surface, generally relying on the simplest model that suits the need. The equatorial radius of Earth is actually 6,378.1 kilometers. Similarly very small numbers are written using negative exponents, e. The very first printed mention of Earths size made an appearance around 350BC, when Aristotle reported in the book Around the Heavens(18) that mathematicians had suspected the circumference of the world to become 400,000 stadia. [2], For Earth, the volumetric radius equals 6,371.0008km (3,958.7564mi).[13]. This section describes the common ways. The planet's rotation causes it to bulge at the equator. Added 2022-02-06 15:04:59 subject Physics by rsa072001. [29] To settle the matter, the French Geodesic Mission (17351739) measured one degree of latitude at two locations, one near the Arctic Circle and the other near the equator. In his writing, Alexander covers a wide range of topics, from cutting-edge medical research and technology to environmental science and space exploration. The space station is 356 feet (109 meters) end-to-end, one yard shy of the full length of an American football field including the end . You have to find the circumference. {\displaystyle r} [a] Local topography increases the variance, resulting in a surface of profound complexity. Have your partner do the same in her location. At Baltimore, = 39.48o and the length is 111.16 km, nearly. What is the radius of Earth in meters? You have to use the distance from the center of the Earth, not the distance above Earth's surface, as the radius. It is possible to combine the principal radii of curvature above in a non-directional manner. Also a photographer, she records adventures by camera, combining photos with journals in her blogs. How do you find the acceleration of a system? Created by Sal Khan and Monterey Institute for Technology and Education. , which differs from the exact result by less than 1m (4105in); the mean of the two axes. Record the distance between your location and your partners location. ] 2a : the bone on the thumb side of the human forearm also : a corresponding part of vertebrates above fishes. (8,849 meters), but it is not the highest point on Earth that is, the place most distant from the . Eratosthenes' methods result in a formula that would look like this: 39,350 = 2 x 3.14 x r, or 6,267 kilometers. The tropical radius of the world (or semi-major axis) is all about 6,378 km (3,963 miles or 3,444 maritime miles), as the polar radius of the world (or semi-minor axis) is all about 6,357 km (3,950 miles or 3,432 maritime miles). These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Measure the angle of the shadow of your meter stick when the sun is overhead and the shadow is smallest, often known as local noon (when the sun is exactly north-south in the sky at its highest point). Each of the models in common use involve some notion of the geometric radius. 137 km (3963. r Point on the ellipsoid surface can be defined by the parametric curve equation. The planet bulges at the equator as a result of its rotation. 2a : the bone on the thumb side of the human forearm also : a corresponding part of vertebrates above fishes. R = earthRadius returns the scalar value 6,371,000, the mean radius of the Earth in meters. [24] Claudius Ptolemy around 150AD gave empirical evidence supporting a spherical Earth,[25] but he accepted the lesser value attributed to Posidonius. (clarification needed). [7] Additional discrepancies caused by topographical variation at specific locations can be significant. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. View this answer. The bulge had been decreasing, but since 1998 the bulge has increased, possibly due to redistribution of ocean mass via currents. What you need is to convert a meter into degrees since long/lat is a polar coordinate system.With the circumference of Earth being 40,075 km, you get 0.00000898315 deg/m which you need to multiply with the size of the object (1 m) to get the degrees which you have to add to your coordinate to get a point which intersects with the radius of . Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. arrow_forward. Radius of planet R = 2 x radius of earth = 2 x 6.4 x 10 6 m. G = gravitational constant = 6.67 x 10-11 N m 2 /kg 2. Derived quantities: diameter, circumference, arc-length, area, volume, There is no single center to the geoid; it varies according to local. Acceleration due to gravity is a vector, which means it has both a magnitudeand a direction. {\displaystyle w^{2}=\lambda ,}. Because these measurements are not done with more sensitive equipment, the radius calculation will be only approximate. Since pi is an infinite number, the calculations in Step 6 will be more accurate. Since he knew the distance between the locations, he was able to determine the circumference of the earth, and therefore the diameter and radius as well. 1 Earths equatorial radius637816 m1 Earths equatorial radius6378160 m2 Earths equatorial radius12756320 m3 Earths equatorial radius19134480 m5 Earths equatorial radius31890800 m10 Earths equatorial radius63781600 m20 Earths equatorial radius127563200 m50 Earths equatorial radius318908000 m100 Earths equatorial radius637816000 m1000 Earths equatorial radius6378160000 mHow to Convert Earths Equatorial Radius to Meter1 Earths equatorial radius = 6378160 m1 m = 1. Since the earth's surface is 6.37 x 10 6 m from its center (that's the radius of the earth), the satellite must be a height of. Sometimes more are aboard the station during a crew handover. [4], The variation in density and crustal thickness causes gravity to vary across the surface and in time, so that the mean sea level differs from the ellipsoid. The International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) provides three reference values: the mean radius (R1) of three radii measured at two equator points and a pole; the authalic radius, which is the radius of a sphere with the same surface area (R2); and the volumetric radius, which is the radius of a sphere having the same volume as the ellipsoid (R3). See answer. Also, explore tools to convert Earths equatorial radius or meter to other length units or learn more about length conversions. det This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Please enter the latitude in decimal degrees, here you can convert coordinates. Multiplyin. Ans. [ Our goal is to make science relevant and fun for everyone. 752 km (3949. How did we determine the size of the Earth? Drive one of the meter sticks into the ground in your location in a sunny spot. b : the third and usually largest vein of an insect's wing. Example 2. p Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. A Solution Verified A The radius of the earth is the straight distance from the earth's center to a point on its surface. What is the scientific name for Earth? 1 64miles, whereas, whether it ismeasured round the rods, it isapproximately 24,806 miles. In scientific notation, the radius of the earth in meters is equal to 6.37106 meters or approximately 6.4106 meters, and 6378100 or approximately 6370000 in standard form. In Eratosthenes case, the distance was 787 kilometers, so for him, the following relation applied: where x = the circumference of the Earth in kilometers. So, radius of nth orbit is rn=rn2, as Z=1 for H atom. High School Students Measure New Value for Earths Radius to Celebrate World Physics Year. Measured around the Equator, it is 40,075.017 km (24,901.461 mi). N T See the formula used in an example where we are given the diameter of the sphere. Keplers Third law can be used to determine the orbital radius of the planet if the mass of the orbiting star is known (R3=T2Mstar/Msun, the radius is in AU and the period is in earth years). What is the real radius of the earth? How do you find the radius with mass and gravity? Its mean density is 1410 kg/m 3 or 0.255 times the mean density of Earth. example R = earthRadius (lengthUnit) returns the mean radius of the Earth using the length unit specified by lengthUnit. for an oblate spheroid, the curvatures are. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Earths radius is usually given as 6378137 meters (equatorial radius), its flattening is defined as 1/298.257223 (WGS84), and thus its polar radius is calculated as 6356752 meters.However, the av. Derivation means the action of obtaining something from a source or origin. Using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, this gives, Another spherical model is defined by the Earth's volumetric radius, which is the radius of a sphere of volume equal to the ellipsoid. The typical radius of the world is roughly 6. 2013-09-16 00:47:38. The mathematical expressions above apply over the surface of the ellipsoid. J d The orbit of Earth ranges from 1.47 to 1.52 x 10 11 meters from the Sun. The IUGG denotes the authalic radius as R2. Since Earth is roughly spherical, calculating its volume is relatively simple. Surface Gravity Metric: 9.80665 m/s 2 English: 32.041 ft/s 2 Escape Velocity Metric: 40,284 km/h English: 25,031 mph Scientific Notation: 1.119 x 10 4 m/s Sidereal Rotation Period 0.99726968 Earth Days 23.934 Hours Surface Temperature Metric: -88/58 (min/max) C English: -126/136 (min/max) F Scientific Notation: 185/331 (min/max) K [2] The majority of the data posted was remarkably good, stated Jennifer Fischer, the APS project leader. How far (in meter) does it travel in the first 3 seconds? The height above sea level of the location is added. 6378 X 2 = 12 756 km. Explore Asteroids In Depth Key Science Targets wikipedia article on the Juno spacecraft provides an a great overview of this type of process. close. Approximating the figure of Earth by an Earth spheroid, the radius ranges from a maximum of nearly 6,378km (3,963mi) (equatorial radius, denoted a) to a minimum of nearly 6,357km (3,950mi) (polar radius, denoted b).

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